Abstract:
Exponentially rising energy demands, excessive use of fossil fuel resources, ever rising level of greenhouse gases are causing global warming and climate change and are posing a big threat to human population, animals and plant species. The use of fossil fuels during the last 150 years has exceeded several times more than their use prior to this period. Excessive release of carbon emissions into the environment due to burning of fossil fuels for energy production and for other purpose is responsible for climate change and atmospheric pollution. These environmental concerns are compelling nations to reduce use of energy by increasing energy efficiency and by making use of alternative sources of energy which are renewable and sustainable and also keep the environment clean and healthy along with capture of carbon di-oxide and sequestration of flue gas to mitigate and reverse climate change. The global efforts on stopping and reversing climate change and the environmental commitments made by India at Paris and Glasgow Summits to reduce emissions intensity by 45% by 2030 from 2005 levels and its road map for energy sustainability are reviewed in the paper.
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