This paper presents a technique to implement real time image segmentation & drowsiness detection with the help of machine learning methodologies. Asa large number of individuals in world, lost their lives due to auto collisions. When all is said in done, the driver exhaustion alone records near by 25 % of the road mishaps and up to 60 % of road mishaps result in death or genuine damage. A fundamental driver of weariness is restlessness or a sleeping disorder. Therefore, a drivers' drowsiness state is a main consideration in serious street mishaps that claims a great many lives each year. In the ongoing years, utilization of wise calculations in autos has grown extensively. These structures use Wireless Sensor Networks to screen & transmit the state of the vehicle and driver. In the proposed research work Support Vector Machine based machine learning method has been implemented for image segmentation and emotion detection using facial expressions. The algorithm has been tested under various illuminance conditions and performed well with optimum visibility.

Image processing frameworks are useful for article tallying and decreasing the time of checking enough. Fitting instance of the thing is colossal for article checking. The exactness of the figuring relies on camera utilized, size of things, paying little personality to whether articles coming to and light conditions. In our work we have proposed the new calculation for the thing tallying , which goes for the checking of the nickel coins utilizing the edge and most extreme grade estimations and the outcome accomplished are totally wonderful

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) represents the scientific similarity between neuron of biological elements. These are computational models, which lightly stimulated by their biological equivalents. AI and ANNs are two stimulating and intertwined arenas in computer science. ANNs are hominid ready information handling systems that are grown up extensively in last thirty years. Researchers have used ANN for detection of different types of diseases. In this paper, we have proposed a hybrid function used with ANN for detection of cancer and diabetes diseases. Basically, this approach modifies the existing distance function and proposed a hybrid distance function. We have used this modified distance function for training and testing of model in supervised learning vector quantization for detection of diseases. The data sets have been taken form Medical Science for providing learning and examining. The various experiments were performed using MATLAB tool. The results show that the performance of enhanced ANN algorithm is far better than existing ANN for detection of cancer and diabetes diseases.

: In this paper, ZnO_xMgO_1-x composites were deposited on glass and silicon substrate using E-Beam Deposition Technique. Doping of MgO is in atomic percentage for various compositions from 0% to 90%. XRD results show that MgO has been doped successfully. The investigation of Band gap has been done and the result displays as the MgO content is increased, the band gap is tuned from 3.16 eV to 3.55 eV and transmission band edge is blue shifted about 36 meV to the higher energy direction, this is closely related to formation of mesoporous structure. The Band Gap has been calculated using UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Investigation confirms that defects in surface have been increased with the increase in MgO Content.

This paper proposed a parallel and pipelined architecture for faster execution of k-means clustering algorithm for microarray data analysis. This is verified by calculating the computational time of algorithm when run on XILINX ISE 14.4 and MATLAB. The computational time taken by MATLAB simulation it is 14.2390ms while for VLSI simulation is found to be 0.0754ms hence VLSI simulation is 188 times faster than MATLAB Simulation. Also, computational time of proposed work which is 0.0754 ms, is compared with the previous work time which is 0.5891 ms and it is found that proposed work is 7 times faster than previous work.

This paper deals with the low complexity algorithm for the check node processing i.e. L-bubble check algorithm in non-binary LDPC decoders. After a review of the state-of-the-art, there is a focus on a reduction of hardware requirement for check node processing using high level synthesis. High level synthesis helps in optimizing the hardware design to a great extent. This motivated to use high level synthesis for implementing the L-bubble check algorithm. Finally, high level synthesis results are presented which shows that the number of slices required to implement the L-bubble check algorithm using HLS is 204.

Vedic multiplier is a unique and prompt multiplier dependent on Vedic mathematics. The main component used in this procedure is adder. Vedic multiplier’s performance can be enhanced by using fast adder. Hence in this paper we are using 64*64 bit multiplier using 32-bit Vedic multiplier and getting path delay lowest. For finding value of 64-bit multiplier, we need 32-bit multiplier for multiplication. Here we are applying Vedic Mathematics Sutra called “URDHVA TIRYAKABHYAM” for proposed 64*64 bit multiplier in Xilinx ISE 14.7. This design does not take more time for execution of the operation than comparison with available multiplier. This Vedic method is effective to improve the speed of image processing and digital signal processing. It works on high speed with great performance. This technique includes different types of wide area of image and digital signal processing. At the end, the result of proffered multiplier is compared with 64-bit multiplier using different adders.

Partial Discharge (PD) measurement is a new approach to find out insulation condition in power cables.Partial discharge (PD) inception test using conventional techniques covered in IEC 60270 and perform on the newly produced Cross linked poly ethylene XLPE cable. This test carried in PD lab Faraday cage where outer noise and electromagnetic fields not disturbed for testing fundamental condition. In PD testing main resonance reactor or HV transformer (LVDT) required for applying high voltage on cable, coupling capacitor, blocking capacitor with inductor for filtering harmonics.

- Every nation is facing a big challenge in meeting the ever increasing demand of clean electrical energy. This problem is even more severe in the developing nations like India and China. Ever increasing demand and the environmental concerns are forcing them to make their fossil fueled energy systems more efficient, reduce emissions and conserve conventional fuels by making extensive use of renewable energy resources. All these concerns necessarily require that the existing power grid should be extensively modernized with the application of advanced technologies including information and communication technologies, modern measuring devices like phasor measurement units, fast computational techniques etc. so as to reduce energy loss, conserve resources and increase quality of power supply. The modernized grid should allow generating companies to feed clean energy from renewable sources for sustainability. The grid should also be able to accommodate distributed generation in distribution networks. This work is an attempt to investigate new developments needed for sustainable generation and utilization of electrical energy with controlled emissions in Indian scenario.

This article presents automatic generation control (AGC) of an interconnected two area thermal system. A maiden attempt is made to apply a Proportional Integral (PI) controller in AGC using two objective functions. Controller gains are optimized using Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and Opposition theory enabled whale optimization algorithm (OIWOA) techniques. The results of the proposed model is compared with GSA, PSO, and GA techniques. Results revealed that the OIWOA optimized PI controller shows effective and improved results over WOA, GSA, PSO, and GA techniques.

This paper proposes a discrete Meyer wavelet transform (DMWT)-based evolving faults recognition system for the two-terminal series capacitor compensated transmission line (TTSCCTL). The particular region captured currents of the TTSCCTL are used to estimate the DMWT outputs. To authorize the performance of the DMWT, simulation studies have been done thus varying fault type, resistance, and switching time. The main advantage of DMWT is that it correctly recognizes all types of evolving faults in TTSCCTL by employing one-side fault current data only. It is also investigated that the proposed technique is robust to the deviation in the input fault parameters of TTSCCTL.

Machining is usually the final stage of product development and can be performed by using conventional as well as non conventional machining methods. In present research work machining using CNC turning operation is performed on two materials used in product development, first material is (MS) mild steel and second is EN-31 (steel) which are frequently used in small and large scale business enterprises. The design of experiment table is set by using mixed Taguchi method and total 18 experiments were performed on CNC lathe machine. Response variable is selected which is material removal rate (MRR). L18 Mixed Taguchi array based experiments were conducted in CNC Supertech 6.2 turning centre using carbide insert CNMG 120408. The individual and interaction effects of cutting speed (v), feed rate (f) and depth of cut (ap) on MRR. Non-Traditional optimization technique taguchi is used to find the optimum parameters in turning of MS and EN-31.

The performance of coupling a parabolic concentrating type dish collector with a single slope solar still is investigated experimentally. The incident solar energy on the concentrating collector is transferred to the basin water stored in the solar still by heat exchanger imbedded in the solar still. The heat exchanger is fabricated from copper tubes. The experiments are conducted at summer and winter times for two systems; conventional solar still and solar still with parabolic concentrating type dish Collector for constant 20 mm saline water depth in the basin. The results illustrate that the solar still coupled with concentrating collector has higher basn water temperature and productivity as compared to conventional solar still. The freshwater productivity of solar still coupled with concentrating collector is higher than that of conventional solar still by about 75% at saline water depth 20 mm in summer and 92% higher in winter. Freshwater productivity is about 1750 ml per day and 1250 ml per day for solar still coupled with concentrating collector in the summer and winter respectively. The results also illustrate that the performance of solar still in winter is smaller than summer for both systems. In summer and at saline water depth 20 mm, the daily efficiency of the solar still coupled with concentrating collector in summer and winter season is 34% and 28% respectivelyDue to carbonization concern, generation resource.

All over the world air pollution has become a big threat for future of the next generation and as such researchers are working relentlessly to find an alternative clean fuel in other green fuel recourses for running CI engine. Using oxygenated additive with diesel in CI engine is the most promising technology for improving the performance and reducing the emissions. Diethyl ether and ethanol both are type of oxygenated fuel and capable of reducing the exhaust emission and improving the combustion process. In this study, performance and emission analysis has been carried out with the blend of diesel (80%) +diethyl ether (10%) +ethanol (10%) in single cylinder variable compression ratio diesel engine.  The main purpose of this study was to understand the effect of compression ratio and injection pressure on the performance and emission of the CI engine. From the result, it was found that engine at 19.5 CR and 210 IP give the best results for BTE, BSFC, NOx and smoke.

In the present age smart materials are widely used in smart mechanical structure because of its unique properties. One of the most used smart materials is functionally graded piezoelectric materials. Now a days the use of functionally graded piezoelectric materials (FGPMs) is increasing highly in making actuator and sensor and many energy harvesting technique. In this scientific paper free vibration is analyzed for FGPM annular plate. Shear effect is produced by using d15 piezoelectric coupling coefficient. Piezoelectric coupling coefficient d15 has higher value in comparison to d31 or d33. D15 piezoelectric coupling is less used for application due to complex nature of shear vibration. So to utilize d15 effect and analysis of shear induced flexural vibration a three dimensional functionally graded piezoelectric plat is used. The annular FGPM plate is polarized in radial direction and piezoelectric plate is grounded in Z-direction along the thickness. Fixed –free boundary condition is used for obtain the result. Power law is used to vary material property. COMSOL multiphysics is used for obtain the result and plot mode shapes. This result will very helpful for researcher for developing present and new actuator and sensors.

Presently, thermal comfort requirements are increasing at a faster rate. Several technologies are available in market to choose from. A cost benefit analysis of technologies is always helpful from the consumer point of view to select the correct cooling system. It is very important to note that energy and environmental assessments are also necessary to be considered along with economics. Hence this work is carried out to propose a clear picture of comparison between two mostly used air-conditioning systems i.e. fixed speed split air conditioning system and variable refrigerant flow system. It is proved that variable refrigerant flow system is advantageous over conventional fixed speed split air-conditioning system. However, it is also noted that small households and shops did not found this appropriate due to high fixed cost and maintenance cost.

This work is made to compare the above mentioned systems for different capacities and number of operating hours, keeping nature of load as similar under standard ambient condition. The main variables are system capacity, working hours, years of operation, total cost (initial cost +operational cost+ maintenance cost), power saving, life span, space saving etc. The Results shows that hours of usage dominates over sizing of the unit on the basis of energy, economic and environmental analysis.

Rapid prototyping (RP) is one of the fabrication processes known to have inherent rapidity and flexibility in its operation. It defines as a group of techniques that refers to the layer-by-layer fabrication of physical models three-dimensional (3D) directly from a computer-aided design (CAD). The paper focuses on basic steps in RP technique which include creating a CAD model and converting it to Standard Tessellation Language (STL) file format, slicing the STL file, layer by layer fabrication, cleaning and finishing the part. In recent years, increased use of computers has been visualized in CAD, Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) and Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) machine tools. Various prominent RP techniques such as Stereolithography (SL), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) etc. have been discussed in sufficient length. SL which is based on photo-polymerisation or photo-curing and synthesis of polymers initiated upon the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) or visible light by a polymerisable system. SLS process uses powder material and CO2 laser is used for scanning and sintering of a part. Another popular technique, FDM works on melting and solidification principle. LOM observes layer-by-layer lamination of paper material sheets using a CO2 laser; each sheet represents one cross-sectional layer of the CAD model of the part. The applications of the RP have also been comprehensively described in various fields such as aerospace industry, automotive industry, biomedical industry, and electronic industry.