In today's growing world traffic management is an important aspect for efficient flow of traffic. The problem worked out in present study is mainly traffic congestion. Congestion of traffic creates a major problem of delay and path fluctuations for the road users, it also affects the environment and causes hindrance to the pedestrians. The present study focuses on the existing traffic congestion conditions at the Rambagh intersection. To identify the problems and possible solutions to ease in traffic movement. A detailed study has been carried out in terms of measurements, location, bus stops, amenities, potential hazard points, etc. Google earth Pro software is used for the measurements at Rambagh intersection. Traffic Data Extractor software is being used for collecting the traffic volume count at the intersection. The analysis of traffic movement count has been done and outputs in form of hourly variations, vehicle-wise variation etc. have been computed. This study will help find out the effective strategies for traffic congestion and their management and focus on easing the traffic movement at Rambagh intersection which will help in reducing travel time, pollution and other issues related to transportation. The various measures to improve existing features and infrastructure have been suggested to make surroundings user-friendly.

In today’s scenario, availability of natural resources is diminishing and simultaneously the waste generation due to cutting and polishing of stones is increasing considerably. Incorporation of these mining waste materials into construction process can provide a respite from both these issues. The waste generated from granite waste from mining industries are having texture similar to that of river sand, so it will be very beneficial for the environment to reutilize this waste for construction works. In this paper a review of contemporary practices of use of granite waste in different civil engineering applications has been done.

Emotions are a necessary and fundamental component of our existence. Everything we say, do, or do not say, and body language exhibit some of our emotions, albeit not immediately. To understand a person's most basic behaviour, we must examine their emotions using emotional data, also known as affect data. For this purpose speech, text, facial expressions, and other data types may be used. Affective (Emotional) Computing, which analyses emotions using emotional data, is an interdisciplinary field. Emotion recognition from text is a challenging task in the field of natural language processing (NLP). While there has been great development, there is still potential for improvement. This analysis is used in a variety of applications to understand human thoughts based on their conversation. Deep learning advances have greatly improved algorithms' capability to understand text. Text classification into several groups is now being researched extensively. However, the application of these researches is very limited in local and regional languages such as Hindi. This study will focus on text emotion analysis, specifically for the Hindi language.

In the following paper a microstrip patch antenna with a slot is designed on Fr4 substrate which has a dielectric constant 4.4. This antenna operates in ku band (12-18 GHz). The operating bandwidth of antenna is 12.029-13.255 GHz. The resonant frequency is 12.64GHz. This antenna is simulated on CST software. The maximum gain of antenna is 4.82 dBi with directivity 7.10 dB. The VSWR is 1.10.

The type-I nanoscale heterostructure Al_0.3Ga_0.7As_0.03Sb_0.97/ GaAs_0.6Sb_0.4/ Al_0.3Ga_0.7As_0.03Sb_0.97 grown on GaSb substrate at room temperature (300K) has been investigated in this paper. The injected carrier concentration has been set at 2.5 x 10¹²/cm². The design is modelled with k.p technique using 4x4 Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian model with conduction band. The effects due to external temperature and strain have also been investigated. The energy wavefunctions, dispersion profile, optical gain etc have been computed for lasing wavelengths in mid infrared region.

Ultra wide band (UWB) technology has been recognized as a possible technology for wireless networks applications because of its superb time-domain resolution permitting for meticulous location, trailing. UWB technology is indisputable for the localization of objects and others move quickly on a small-scale and complex environments and processes.

During this paper we are going to chronicle an ultra wideband antenna. Depiction of antenna on an FR-4 substrate with permittivity r = 4.3, height 1.6 mm, loss tangent = 0.025, width and length 24x28 mm². The antenna resonate  at 4.73 GHz which work in the wideband from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz has VSWR is 1.06 and a gain of 1.8 and allow to frequency notch from 3GHz to 4GHz frequency band help in avoiding indoor interference of GPS(1.6GHz), Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (2.4GHz).

In this study it has been reported that composites of ZnOxMgO1-x were formed resting on ITO substrates with electron beam evaporation. Different MgO compositions, from zero to ninety percent doped, are expressed as atomic percentage success in doping MgO, as determined by XRD. It has been shown via research that the construction of a mesoporous structure is intimately associated to the tuning of the band gap as of 3.16 eV to 3.55 eV and the subsequent shifting of the transmission band edge by around 36 meV in the direction of higher energy. By analyzing UV-Vis Spectra, the Band Gap could be determined. Surface flaws have been shown to increase with MgO content, as confirmed by the investigation. Both undoped and doped Zn1-xMgOx  thin films be deposit using an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method over the substrate. Substitution of MgO ions for ZnO ions in the ZnO lattice is shown by a blue shift during the near-band-edge production and a transform in the lattice constant. Because of the structural transition from wurtzite (ZnO) to a combination of wurtzite and cubic (MgO) phases with greater Mg concentration (x C 0.21), a striking morphological transformation is seen. The FTIR analysis showed that the typical absorption peaks for Zn-O stretching mode were located at *442 cm-1 and moved into the red area when the Mg level increased. One extra band about 523 cm^-1 was detected, most likely due to the Mg-related vibration mode in ZnO, in addition of the host phonons.

Technology for broadcasting radio signals has progressed fast in the last few years because of the growing need for high-quality sound services and data transmission in mobile environments. Radio broadcasting technology has progressed swiftly. In this paper, the comparison of an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system for 16-QAM modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) and QPSK Modulation is demonstrated. This work shows that for audio signal transmission, the OFDM with 16-QAM modulation is better than QPSK Modulation. For the theoretical approaches, AWGN (Adaptive White Gaussian Channel) is commonly implemented for modeling noise channels because it is easy to implement, and mathematical modeling is easy. The input data is taken randomly as well as an audio signal. The simulation is done in a MATLAB environment.

This research paper represents the floating point arithmetic calculations. In this work floating point arithmetic unit multiplication and addition have been performed. In this manuscript, IEEE 754 standard of 32 bit single precision floating point arithmetic is used.  Floating-point arithmetic is useful for high dynamic range arithmetic, but is more resource intensive than integer arithmetic. Floating point calculations occur on system has a wide range of values that require fast processing times. This research paper represents the redesign of floating point arithmetic unit. It deals with the ALU similar structure which performs addition / subtraction and multiplication with the selection line. If the selection line  is ‘1’ then it performs addition/ subtraction otherwise for selection line ‘0’ multiplication of floating point numbers is done.  The proposed design is simulated using Xilinx Isim Simulator and synthesized and impleneted using Xilinx ISE on Nexys – 4 DDR FPGA device.

The overloading issue is addressed in today's power systems, particularly in the transmission network, which operates at maximum capacity. The network of today's power systems is prone to instability and collapse as a result of disruptions. The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) provides an alternative to issues including line overloading, voltage stability, losses, and power flow, among others. FACTS may significantly enhance the static and dynamic performance of the power system. FACTS devices require a large initial expenditure. As a result, Static Var Compensator (SVC) being considered here for placement in the network should be maximized for its location, size and rating for optimal benefit.

The power grid has been expanding in recent days as the demand for electrical energy has increased. With rising electricity consumption, the question of whether the present transmission network can handle the increased load has arisen. Or how much electricity can be transported without violating any limits via the transmission network? Before any transmission of planned electricity to customers, the network's capabilities must be adequately tested for this reason. Available Transfer Capability (ATC) refers to the quantity of electricity that may be transmitted across the network more than an excess of what has already been committed without violating any constraints is referred to as Available Transfer Capability (ATC). As a result, precise ATC computation is critical for system operators to avoid blackouts. In this article, ATC was estimated using RPF while considering into account various network situations such as line outages, and so on.

Water plays an imperative role in all our daily activities and its utilization is increasing gradually because of increased living standards of human being. There is now a fresh water crisis in several nations. Desalination is a crucial technique for producing fresh water that may be utilised for agriculture, industry, and human consumption. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of employing black granite stone and graphite particles as energy absorption materials in solar stills in order to increase the efficiency of solar stills. Graphite coated solar still produces 14 % and 12 % more potable (distillated) water as compared to black granite solar still in summer and winter season respectively.

Thermal analysis of various materials can be done by Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA gives valued data which can be used to select neat and composite materials for certain applications and to determine parts-performance with better part quality. In this paper, thermal analysis of injection moulded Polypropylene-filler compounds were performed by TGA Analyzer. For TGA analysis, 3 compounds viz. Alumina compounds (PPA-series), TiO₂ (PPT-series) and micro-Marble-dust (PPM-series) compounds were made by injection moulding process with 5, 10,15 and 20 weight percentages of the fine fillers with Polypropylene (PP).

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) Composites have been widely employed in a variety of purposes, in a variety of industries because of its exceptional abilities. Drilling a number of holes is required in CFRP in the aircraft industry. As a result, developing inexpensive drilling method is critical. Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) was used to successfully drill CFRP. By categorizing the findings provided in two angles, this paper investigates literature review and gives a complete evaluation of the improvements in USM of CFRP composites. To begin, the review highlights the majority of the reported investigations from 2012 to 2021 on the basis of used USM process on CFRP material including equipment/system utilized to conduct experiments, output results and process variables evaluated, and problems investigated. The purpose of this literature study is to emphasize USM's current research position in CFRP composite drilling and thereby provide direction and a foundation for future research.

Polymer composites have a wide potential for various innovative applications. Due to high processability, Polypropylene (PP) is most widely used low melting point polymers by the manufacturing industries. In the present research, two ceramic micro fillers Alumina, titania (Al₂O₃ and TiO₂) and one marble industrial wastes (Marble micro dust) from Rajasthan have been used as the micro filler materials. By using Injection Moulding method, PP composites were fabricated having 5%, 10%, 15% and 20 weight percentages of filler Alumina (Al₂O₃), titania (TiO₂) and the Marble micro dust. Then the fabricated composites were investigated by bending strength and compressive strength with procedure of ASTM standards. It was investigated that among the three series of PP composite, max. bending strength was identified in PP-marble composite which was 65 MPa. Compressive strength (CS) of Polypropylene composite/compounds with altered weight % (from 5 to 20 wt. %) having Al₂O₃, titania and white Marble micro dust obtained in increasing trend  with 98.5 - 122 MPa, 114 - 172 MPa and 104 – 159 MPa respectively. Thus it was observed that the max. CS was 88.26%, more than the virgin (unfilled) Polypropylene which was observed in titania- combination with 20 weight %.  

The use of biofuels and additives can limit the exhaust emission from IC engines. The current study explores the possibility of using Nitromethane (NM) as additive in 20% n-butanol-diesel blend along with application of EGR to limit exhaust smoke and NOx emissions of a diesel engine. The objectives of this study is to find out suitable ratio of NM in BU20 (20% butanol in diesel) and flow rate of EGR for improved engine performance and reduced emissions. An experimental examination was done on a vertical-single cylinder, 4- stroke, constant-speed, water cooled, DI diesel engine. Different combinations of NM-BU20 blends of range NM (1 – 3%) and EGR rate (10-30%) Have been prepared and investigations were performed according to design matrix created by design expert software. A complete comparison of various combination of fuel and EGR was done to find the most appropriate combination of NM-BU20 blend and EGR for reduced emissions with reasonable performance.

A thresher machine used to detach the grains from harvested crops with minimum effort in minimum time. It is suitable for threshing mustard, jowar, maize, wheat and millet. There are three main operations, namely feeding, threshing and cleaning performed by the machine. The mechanisms involved for the same are feeding mechanism, threshing mechanism and cleaning mechanism. The cleaning mechanism is identified as a simple four bar mechanism. The kinematic and dynamic analysis of the cleaning mechanism is performed in this paper. Dynamics analysis of this mechanism is solved by using Newton-Euler equation of the motion. ADAMS software is used for validation of kinematic and dynamic analysis of this mechanism.