There is an increasing indication that users are prejudiced by internet based opinion forums. Anonline forum is a place where people can post things such as text, images, and occasionally video, and people can respond with similar content, answers/advice, and other things. The idea of this online forum has been adapted from lots of forum in many websites. This forum differ from chatroom’s in that posts are frequently longer than one line of text, and are at
least momentarily archived. Also, depending on the access level of a customer or the forum set-up, a forwarded message might need to be approved by a moderator before it becomes visible. This forum (named as iForum) is a web based information exchange platform where the users can register and present their content on conversation threads. The system also presents automated suggestion by making use of intelligent web analytics and content
inspection. Forum also provides a well attractive interface to the user so that user can easily see all its analytics regarding to its profile view and posts. So this proposed work basically highlight the benefits of Internet forum over Chat rooms.

Cloud computing enabled on-demand provisioning of computational resources over the internet. It represents a distributing computing mechanism by utilizing the high speed network. Cloud service providers always try to increase profit, while cloud user wants to reduce budget and meet deadline with
satisfying all the requirements. Since both do not exchange much information with each other, this makes the resource allocation in cloud a tedious job.

In this paper we introduce a time and cost weightage based resource allocation algorithm, i.e. User Defined Time and Cost Constraints Based Resource Allocation algorithm which decide the selection of resource either on the basis of cost or on the basis of time. The time and cost constraints are submitted by user along with the request. We implemented this algorithm using CloudSim. Experimental results show that our approach either reduces execution cost or execution time depending on user requirements.

India is developing country and electricity demand is increase rapidly. Many of Indian villages about 19000 are not electrified since independence. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY) is a government of India scheme to provide continuous power supply to off-grid rural area of India. This paper, we propose the best Hybrid Energy System (HES) for off-grid electrification of rural area where conventional grid power supply is not possible. Electricity need for an off-grid remote area supply from a mixture of biodiesel generator and Nonconventional energy resources to satisfy in a reliable manner. Here we are using HOMER software is used for whole analysis. The simulation results indicate that the proposed HES would be a feasible solution for distributed generation of electric power for remote locations and the total CO₂ emission is reduced comes from gird-extension.

The work presented in this paper shows an impact of generated transformer (GT) tap position on reactive power output of generators. Practical working system of Rajasthan state have been taken that consist of two 765 kV GSS, twenty one 400 kV GSS and seven thermal plants. The study and simulations are carried out in PSSE software. Simulation model comprises of 85 buses, 62 transmission lines and 86 transformers. Total system load is 5656.60 MW & 907.02 MVAR. Five cases have been simulated considering the effect of GT tap position on generator MVAR loading. From simulation studies, it is revealed that generator MVAR loading changes significantly with change in transformer tap positions at generating station.

Diode is the basic semiconductor device which is simply combination of p-n junction. Here p and n junction is positive and negative junction. The p-n junctions are elementary part in the performance of functions such as rectification and switching in circuits. . In this paper, working condition as well as IC fabrication steps are described to fabricate the diodes on silicon wafer. The technology of junction fabrication includes the accumulated knowledge and research for making junctions and forming contact to them in mountings suitable for electronics devices like diode, transistor, FET. Fabrication process  depends on materials,  processes and methods used to develop highly functional device. Fabrication of IC is a multistep sequential process like cleaning of
wafer, oxidation, etching, diffusion, photolithography and metallization. In this paper, 12,500 diodes are fabricated on 1 inch silicon wafer with resistivity 0.9-1.3 ohm.

A planar inverted L-slot antenna is proposed covering different bandwidth applications. The open slot antenna configuration for GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS/WLAN bands is described. The inverted-L slot antenna system composed of filter circuit within microstrip feed line to enhance the bandwidth. For LC band pass filter, the value of inductor and capacitor is calculated parametrically. The antenna achieves frequency range 1710-2690 MHz for -10dBreturn loss. The S11 parameter for antenna with filter and without filter is discussed.

Microstrip antenna are significantly used in current technological tendency i.e. in wireless communications. In integrated circuit technology coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure is generally used because of its design on the coplanar side of the patch. And it is one of the desirable characteristic of this type of technology. The gain is also the important performance parameter of any antenna. This paper presented the gain enhancement techniques of CPW fed microstrip antenna. The gain enhancement may be achieved by the array arrangement of antennas. Arrays are the arrangement of more than one element of patches in fruitful manner. In this paper the functioning enhancement by the gap between the patches of the array, has been analyzed. The gain has
been enhanced up to the 9.86 dB with the 4x1 linear arrays of the designed structure from 3.63 dB of basic single antenna structure. The antenna designed frequency has been taken as 2.4 GHz. The designs were simulated by licensed HFSS Software version 16.

Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNFET) is known for high performance, stability and low power consumption it is potential candidate to replace silicon in the future. Therefore SRAM Cell design based on CNFET is widely used as low power, highly stable and less delay memory. This paper proposes a new 7T SRAM cell based on CNFET that reduces delay and power consumption during write operation. Read delay and static noise margin are improved by careful cell transistors sizing. In this paper, CNFET based 7T SRAM Cell is designed and its performance analyzed at Vdd 1.8V and 0.9V. HSPICE simulations of the 7T SRAM cell using Stanford CNFET model at 0.9V using 32nm propagation technology shows that power dissipation is reduced by 10.95%, delay is reduced by 0.14%, noise margin at high level is increased by 14.5% and at low level 11.13% , and PDP is reduced by 11.05% in comparison to 7T SRAM Cell at 1.8V.

Copper slag is an industrial by-product produced during the pyro-metallurgical extraction of copper metal from copper concentrate. In this study, mix design of M25 grade of concrete was  carried out by using crushed stone aggregates and river sand ascoarse and fine aggregates respectively. In the designed concrete, fine aggregates were replaced with copper slag by 10%, 20%, 30% & 40%, by weight and blended mixes were prepared. The compressive strength and flexural strength tests were carried out on control mix and blended mixes. The experimental results showed that compressive and flexural strength of concrete increased by the replacement of fine aggregates up to 20% by copper slag, but beyond that got decreased. On the basis of present research, it has been concluded that copper slag can be utilized by the partial replacement of fine aggregates in the tune of 20% in M25 grade of
concrete. The utilization of this industrial by-product in concrete can solve the dumping problem of copper industries and can be a step towards  ustainable construction.

In recent decades the goal of building rehabilitation and strengthening has gained research attention and numerous techniques have been developed to achieve this.In India where we have a huge population and during renovation work for strengthen purpose of a building we have to vacate the building which ultimately disturbs the living life of humans. This study shows that without disturbing planning of building it is possible to provide strength and increase ductility of building. For that shear walls are placed at parallel sides of existing building frame to improve the seismic capacity of the structure.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibres were added to study their effect on workability and mechanical properties of SCC. Mixturesof self-compacting concrete with and without PVA fibres were prepared with a water-binder ratio of 0.35. It was observed that the addition of PVA fibres reduced the workability properties and improved the mechanical properties of SCC. Addition of fibres slightly increased the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of SCC. Splitting tensile strength and modulus of rupture of SCC was found to be significantly increased after the addition of fibres.

Slurry Erosion is a material removal process by fast moving solid particles suspended in a fluid stream i.e. the slurry. Slurry erosion limits the useful life and reliability of the equipment handling solid-liquid mixtures such as pumps, turbine, boilers plates, heat exchanger tubes etc. Hence it is of vital importance to study the wear rate and erosion characteristics of the material of equipment which aresubjected to slurry erosion and to investigate the possibilities of enhancement of their life. The aim of the present study is to find the effect of height of bottom propeller (with reference to the base of the pot) on the erosion wear of the SS-316 material subjected to sand-water slurry. The main purpose of changing the bottom propeller height from the base is to obtain
different turbulence conditions and varying distribution of sand particles in water which in turn affect the erosion wear rate.

Experiments are conducted at five bottom propeller heights with six impact angles varying from 15o to 90o at each height. Other parameters such as velocity of bottom propeller, solid concentration, velocity of top shaft are kept fixed for every position of bottom propeller. Maximum erosion wear is observed at a particular angle for each propeller height. Also, the erosion wear increases with increase in propeller height and starts decreasing after a certain height. Scanning electron Microscope (SEM) analysis is also employed so as to observe the pattern of erosion wear at different propeller heights.

Slurry Erosion may be defined as the removal of material from a surface by fast moving solid particles suspended in a fluid. Various salts and mineral particles present in the fluid work as abrasives. Study of slurry erosion is important as it adversely affects the useful life and performance of the equipment handling slurries such as heat exchangers, pumps etc. Hence it is imperative to study the erosion wear characteristics of the materials of such equipment which are subjected to slurry erosion in order to improve their life and efficiency. The main objective of the present study is to find the effect of change in operating parameters on erosion wear of SS-304 sample subjected to sand-water slurry. The main operating parameters which are examined are particle
velocity and solid concentration. Experiments are conducted in eight sets with three combinations of particle velocity, solid concentration and particle size. The sample specimens are tested at two solid particle concentrations 10% and 30% with two velocities 4m/s and 5m/s at each concentration. The above experiments are conducted for two particle sizes of 655μm and 362.5μm. Each set consists of particle impact angle varying from 15° to 90° in steps of
15°. Maximum erosion wear is observed at a particular angle for each set of operating parameters. Also, the particle velocity has the predominant effect on erosion wear followed by solid concentration and particle size respectively.

In compression ignition (CI) engines, nitrogen oxides (NOx) formation is a temperature dependent function and occurs when the temperature in the combustion chamber exceeds 2000 K. Therefore in order to reduce the NOx emissions from exhaust of the engine, it is compulsory to keep peak cylinder  temperature under control. NOx can be reduce by late injection of fuel in the combustion chamber. This is an effective technique but increase the fuel
consumption rate. So the most promising way to reduce the NOx emission by using EGR technique. In this research work, the effects of different EGR ratios on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine are investigated. The tests were carried out on a four cylinder variable speed CI engine at different load conditions like: partial load, half load and full load. The three EGR rates (5%, 10% and 15%) were utilized with an intention to reduce the high NOx emissions that were occur at high engine loads. The use of EGR in diesel engine resulted in maximum reduction in NOx emissions up to 10% at partial load, up to 5% at half load and up to 8% at full load without any significant penalty in particulate matter emissions. Smoke opacity increased up to 15 % EGR rate. There was also an increase in hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions when compared to pure diesel.

Material loss due to erosion wear is a serious problem associated with flow of solid-liquid mixtures. Slurry erosion limits the useful life of equipment and is therefore a critical parameter for design, selection and operation of the hydraulic transportation system. Engineering interest is to estimate the service life of quipment / components subjected to slurry erosion and to investigate the possibilities of enhancement of their life. Various researchers have put their efforts to study the wear mechanism of Brass material. In the present work, erosion wear tests have been carried out in a slurry pot tester for brass material to find out the optimum position of wear sample holding arrangement with reference to bottom propeller. This is necessary because erosion
wear rate and material removal mechanism change according to the position of test sample. For that it is necessary to develop different extra attachment with sample holding arrangement. The Experiments are conducted at a constant velocity, particle size and solid concentration of particles with varying impact angle ranging from 15o to 90o with different height of sample holding arrangement. The experimental result shows the rate of erosion wear at different impact angle for the different condition with varying sample holding arrangement height.. So above work is help to find the optimum position of sample in sample holding arrangement with respect to bottom propeller to improve the erosion wear and material removal mechanism.